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The Top 10 Pharmaceutical Companies In Latin America: Growth performance, strategies and SWOT analysis

The leading pharmaceutical companies in Latin America comprise multinational companies and domestic players. Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela and Argentina remained the major markets in Latin America with a market share of around 90%. This report provides an insight into the current state of the Latin American pharmaceutical industry, market structure, pricing, regulation, as well as evolving trends. This report profiles the top ten pharmaceutical companies in Latin America and provides a brief summary of the 11 to 20 players. The report also gives a strategic insight into the companies , brands, therapeutic classes and geographic breakdown of the revenue generated by these companies in Latin America. The top 10 companies were assessed on following parameters: each company’s market share in the Latin American pharmaceutical market; key marketed products, geographic and therapeutic focus; growth strategies; key mergers and acquisitions; business-related strengths and weaknesses of these companies; and insights into the opportunities and threats facing them.

Key features of this report

• Market dynamics of the Latin American pharmaceutical market during the period 2004–08.
• Key market drivers and resistors in the Latin American market.
• Trends of the Latin American pharmaceutical market.
• Profile of top 10 players in the Latin American pharmaceutical market.
• Company analysis and market share of the top 10 players in the Latin American pharmaceutical market.

Scope of this report

• Develop insights for the Latin American pharmaceutical market, pricing and regulation, intellectual property rights and trends in these countries.
• Quickly understand how recent events are affecting the performance of major company’s products and how their marketers are confronting competitive challenges in the Latin American market.
• Gain up-to-date competitive intelligence across a wide-range of marketed products, R&D pipeline, market share data, sales forecast and competitive landscape for the major players in the Latin American pharmaceutical market.
• Save time, money and resources on analyzing the performance of the key Latin American pharmaceutical companies using this report.

Key Market Issues

• Regulatory environment in Latin America: The regulatory frameworks in Latin American countries have improved rapidly after they became signatories to TRIPS and various other international trade treaties. Overall, the aim of regional regulatory protocols to reduce pharmaceutical costs have indirectly promoted the generic industry.
• Rising trial registrations: Global drug giants have all entered Latin America for conducting clinical trials in recent years. An increase in research investments is result of the fast-paced regional socioeconomic transformation. Apart from the rising economic status, which has ensured better return on investments, improvement in healthcare infrastructure played an important role in attracting clinical trial projects from multinational pharmaceutical companies to the region.
• Regulatory harmonization and tie-ups: In the last few years, there has been increased activity in regulatory interaction between the Latin American countries. These countries are also involved in collaborations with regulators of EU nations. The intention is to harmonize the regulatory framework in the region.
• Compulsory licensing trends in Latin America: The compulsory licensing policy of Latin American countries is modeled on those used in most developed countries. Such an action is taken only when certain life sustaining drugs are in short supply.

Key findings from this report

• Latin American economies have been relatively less affected by the global economic meltdown compared to their developed counterparts.
• In 2008 the top 10 companies managed to capture around 40% of the Latin American market. Brazil followed by Mexico remained the leading markets in the Latin American region.
• The regulatory scenario in the Latin American region is continuously evolving, despite the fact that improvements in patent legislation protection of intellectual property are uncertain.
• According to Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA, US), lack of implementation of data exclusivities, non-approval of second use patent, drug counterfeiting and the regulatory backlogs are the major concerns in Latin American market.

Key questions answered

• What was the market size of the Latin American pharmaceutical market in 2008?
• What are the important trends in the Latin American market?
• Who were the top 10 players in the Latin American market in 2008?
• How are the companies positioned in the Latin American market in terms of geographic focus?
• Which are the key therapeutic areas in Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela, Argentina, Colombia, Chile & Peru?

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Latin America’s Economic Boom Explained 1 of 2 – BBC News and Documentary

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Latin Trade En Espanol $150 La fuente de negocios para America LatinaLa principal revista dedicada a los negocios en America Latina y el Caribe. Una cobertura completa de noticias, analysis, informaci&#243n de negocios que abarca los sectores de tecnolog&#237a, exportaciones, finanzas, manufactura, privatizaciones, licitaciones publicas y mucho m&#225s. Informes especiales por pais y por sectores. Latin Trade es vital para cualquiera que haga negocios en estos mercados emergentes. Mes tras mes pone a su disposición original, objetiva, concreta y an&#225lisis por pa&#237s.Armerse para la competenciaLa revista Latin Trade ilustra a las figuras internacionales clave que exigen información cabal sobre Am&#233rica Latina. Es la revista de los empresarios en busca de oportunidades excepcionales. En ingl&#233s y espa&#241ol. Ninguna otra publicación cubre negocios, comercios e inversiones como la revista Latin Trade. Armese con las herramientas necesarias para competir en el Nuevo Mercado mundial.Latin Tradea creado un Nuevo Mercado en el Comercio electrónico. En www.latintrade.com, los ejecutivos ganan acceso a herramientas interactivas para conseguir los consumidores correctos para vender sus productos y adquirir todo lo que necesitan para hacer negocios desde env&#237os hasta seguro para finanzas de comercios. www.latintrade.com es la fuente para apoyar intercambios comerciales que incluyen empleos, viajes, libros, noticias y informaci&#243n afirmadas en la revista Latin Trade.Latin Trade En Espanol is part of the Business family of magazines. It is generally sold to individuals and businesses and quite often can be found in a reception room or waiting room of a company or a professional office like a dentist, doctor, health club, gym, or beauty and hair salon. A full year magazine subscription to Latin Trade En Espanol includes issues delivered right to your mailbox.

Latin America: Its Future in the Global Economy $221.87 Latin America: Its Future in the Global Economy is a timely contribution to the effort to meet the complex challenges of Latin Americas increasing participation in world markets. Taking into account the recent changes in the region, twelve economists and two international trade lawyers provide a framework for the analysis of trade negotiations by identifying key points of disagreement among trading partners, and discusses controversial issues such as the environment, labor and agriculture, exceptional protection, investment, services, ecommerce and the efficiency of the dispute settlement mechanism. Author: Rich, Patricia Gray Binding Type: Hardcover Number of Pages: 302 Publication Date: 2002/02/09 Language: English Dimensions: 8.82 x 5.68 x 0.80 inches

Latin America in the World-Economy $38.95 No Synopsis Available

Globalization and Democracy in Latin America. $115.71 We live in an increasingly globalized and interconnected world which poses research questions about how globalization affects our societies. A particular question that has been of interest to researchers around the globe for its implications for political economy and public policy is the relationship between globalization and democracy. However, the studies that have been carried out related to this question have focused on the analysis of aggregate level data. Different measures of globalization have been used with no consensus yet on the effect of globalization on democracy. The main contribution of the present study is to utilize microlevel data from the Latinobarometro survey to understand the effect of globalization on individuals attitudes toward democracy in Latin America. For this purpose, this study utilizes multilevel analysis which takes into account the fact that individuals are nested into countries modeling the heterogeneity that exists among countries alongside individual variance in attitudes. Results from best fitting models of different specifications of globalization indicate that globalization as measured by an instrumental variable of trade has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction with democracy; however, other specifications of globalization i.e. foreign direct investment and capital flows do not. Further, interesting findings regarding economic, political and institutional factors are discussed. Author: Tello Rodriguez, Osvaldo S. Binding Type: Paperback Number of Pages: 94 Publication Date: 2011/09/08 Language: English Dimensions: 9.69 x 7.44 x 0.19 inches

Europe and Latin America in the World Economy $4.88 No Synopsis Available

Harpers Bazaar $12 Harper’s BAZAAR is world renowned as an arbiter of fashion and good taste. Since its inception in 1867 as America’s first fashion magazine, the pages of Harper’s BAZAAR have been home to extraordinary talents, from legendary editors such as Carmel Snow and Liz Tilberis to the photographic genius of Man Ray, Louise Dahl Wolfe and Richard Avedon. Harper’s BAZAAR speaks to the varied interests of the discerning contemporary woman who seeks the best for her home, her career and her lifestyle. Each month Harper’s BAZAAR informs and inspires its stylish readers with comprehensive, insightful coverage of: Fashion and beauty ideas to stimulate a sophisticated woman’s style Entertaining and travel Current trends in health and fitness.The latest news in entertainment, the arts and finance. Editions are published in Australia (as Harper’s Bazaar & Mode), Great Britain (as Harper’s & Queen), Greece, Hong Kong, Italy, Latin America, Taiwan, Turkey, Russia and South Korea.Harpers Bazaar is part of the Women family of magazines. It is generally sold to individuals and businesses and quite often can be found in a reception room or waiting room of a company or a professional office like a dentist, doctor, health club, gym, or beauty and hair salon. A full year magazine subscription to Harpers Bazaar includes issues delivered right to your mailbox.

The Riddle of Latin America, 1st Edition $56.49 THE RIDDLE OF LATIN AMERICA explores the promise and paradox of Latin America in a novel way by giving equal weight to the colonial and national periods. This is essential because in Latin America colonialism started early and independence came late. The aim of this book is to provide unfamiliar readers with a more balanced, interpretive view of Latin America’s long and complex history by identifying key patterns and trends and tracing them across time and space. Within chapters THE RIDDLE OF LATIN AMERICA takes a regional rather than country-by-country approach, treating, for example, the Greater Caribbean, Mexico and Central America, the Andes, the Southern Cone, and Brazil.

Taste Of Latin America $12 Taste Of Latin America

Beyond Market-Driven Development: Drawing on the Experience of Asia and Latin America $66.59 Because their economies were regulated, their financial systems ‘repressed’ and their states interventionist, for many years the countries of East Asia challenged the Washington consensus, offering an alternative development paradigm. However, in the 1990′s, Asian capitalism was disrupted following Japan’s stagnation and the financial crisis of 1997-98. Treading the unexplored theoretical terrain created by the simultaneous decline of the Washington Consensus and Asian developmentalism, this revealing book analyzes the comparative political economy of East Asia and Latin America. Divided into four key sections, it covers: Theoretical Framework Results of Globalization Converging and Diverging of Paths of Economic Development Finance and Regionalism. Through the juxtaposition of countries in East Asia and Latin America, leading academics analyze the impact of government intervention, institutional malfunction, social transformation and financial change as well as conflict and power on economic development. This book will prove to be invaluable to students and academics of development economics.

Economy of Brazil $73.28 Brazil has a federal economy . Measured nominally, its gross domestic product surpasses a trillion dollars, the tenth in the world and the second in the Americas; measured by purchasing power parity, 1.9 trillion, making it the ninth largest economy in the world and the second largest in the Americas, after the United States. In Reais (Brazilian currency), its GDP is estimated at R 2.9 trillion reais in 2008.Brazil is a member of diverse economic organizations, such as Mercosur, SACN, G8+5, G20 and the Cairns Group. Its trade partners number in the hundreds, with 60 of exports mostly of manufactured or semimanufactured goods.Brazils main trade partners in 2008 were: Mercosur and Latin America (25.9 of trade), EU (23.4), Asia (18.9), the United States (14.0), and others (17.8). Author: Miller, Frederic P./ Vandome, Agnes F./ McBrewster, John Binding Type: Paperback Number of Pages: 86 Publication Date: 2010/04/21 Language: English Dimensions: 5.98 x 9.01 x 0.20 inches

Nature, Raw Materials, and Political Economy $204.52 The papers in this volume push the study of the multifaceted naturesociety relationship and the socioeconomic consequences of human dependence on nature forward in a variety of areas. In the first section, Theoretical Foundations, the five chapters lay out theoretical models for examining the naturesociety relationship. The chapters examine the roles of material process, space, and time in shaping social processes of economic ascent and long term hegemonic change, as well as the role of the analysis of raw materials in environmental sociology. In the second section, Commodities, Extraction and Frontiers, a series of case studies covering a range of industries, locations and historical periods present a variety of applications of the political economy of natural resources to critical issues regarding commodities, extraction and frontiers. The case study industries include oil, steel, transport, furs, sugar and Brazil nuts, and the chapters examine regions in Latin America, North America, and Asia. In the third section, Connecting Political and Economic Change, four chapters focus on the relationship between raw materials, economic change, and socioeconomic change. These chapters examine long term economic and political change and the relationship between political and economic change in Latin America and Africa. Author: Ciccantell, Paul S./ Smith, David A./ Seidman, Gay Series Title: Research in Rural Sociology and Development Series Number: 10 Binding Type: Hardcover Number of Pages: 396 Publication Date: 2005/10/01 Language: English Dimensions: 9.06 x 6.38 x 1.41 inches

Decentralization in Latin America: An Evaluation $197.81 The concept of decentralization embraces several distinct processes, including the deconcentration of governmental and administrative functions, involving both their physical relocation and the devolution of powers, whether political or economic. This book presents a theoretical framework for observations of such phenomena in Latin America, relating them to the modern, or postmodern, tendencies of fragmentation of monolithic structures in many countries and in many fields of human activity. As such it is the first book to systematically examine the process in a particular region and to relate theoretical concepts to Latin American realities. Part I includes chapters illustrating the process in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru. The focus shifts according to the particular context, some chapters emphasize the contradictions posed by state development and political, and administrative structures, while others examine the impact of neoliberal economic measures in relation to spontaneous decentralization of people and activities. Part II provides a detailed case study of Mexico, with analyses of both political and economic aspects as practiced by the state and the private sector of the economy. The volume concludes with a consideration of the extent to which these circumstances are common to other parts of the Third World. A significant volume for Latin American Studies collections and those involved with regional planning and economic geography and development. Author: Morris, Arthur/ Lowder, Stella/ Morris, Arthur Stephen Binding Type: Hardcover Number of Pages: 238 Publication Date: 1992/01/01 Language: English Dimensions: 9.54 x 6.30 x 0.89 inches

Bowhunt America $19.95 Bowhunt America is part of the General family of magazines. It is generally sold to individuals and businesses and quite often can be found in a reception room or waiting room of a company or a professional office like a dentist, doctor, health club, gym, or beauty and hair salon. A full year magazine subscription to Bowhunt America includes issues delivered right to your mailbox.

Soccer America $79 Soccer America is part of the General family of magazines. It is generally sold to individuals and businesses and quite often can be found in a reception room or waiting room of a company or a professional office like a dentist, doctor, health club, gym, or beauty and hair salon. A full year magazine subscription to Soccer America includes issues delivered right to your mailbox.

Economy of Chile $108.33 Chile has a dynamic marketoriented economy characterized by a high level of foreign trade. During the early 1990s, Chiles reputation as a role model for economic reform was strengthened when the democratic government of Patricio Aylwin which took over from the military in 1990 deepened the economic reform initiated by the military government. Growth in real GDP averaged 8 during the period 19911997, but fell to half that level in 1998 because of tight monetary policies implemented to keep the current account deficit in check and because of lower export earnings the latter a product of the global financial crisis. Chiles economy has since recovered and has seen growth rates of 57 over the past several years. In 2006, Chile became the country with the highest nominal GDP per capita in Latin America. Author: Miller, Frederic P./ Vandome, Agnes F./ McBrewster, John Binding Type: Paperback Number of Pages: 144 Publication Date: 2009/11/25 Language: English Dimensions: 5.98 x 9.01 x 0.33 inches

Latin America in the WorldEconomy $67 Latin America is in the midst of dramatic transformations. Stabilization and structural adjustment programs are dismantling state regulation of the economy. Democratic transitions are pointing toward the emergence of new institutional arrangements. Democratization and marketoriented economic restructuring pose major questions concerning new social configurations combining rising levels of poverty, low intensity citizenship, environmental degradation, and enduring legacies of elite privilege and authoritarianism. Analyzing these and related issues, this volume contributes to a worldsystem perspective suggesting that the region is experiencing a great transformation characterized by a deepening differentiation between state, enterprises, and households. Emergent patterns of competition and organizational change are discussed along with the social consequences of restructuring and the potential for political transformation. Author: Korzeniewicz, Roberto P./ Smith, William C. Series Title: Contributions in Economics Economic History Series Number: 181 Binding Type: Paperback Number of Pages: 296 Publication Date: 1996/11/30 Language: English Dimensions: 9.20 x 6.10 x 0.81 inches

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A History of Latin America to 1825 $51.95 The third edition of Peter Bakewell’s highly successful narrative history of Latin America features several enhancements and additions, along with the expertise of historian Jacqueline Holler, to reflect the latest scholarship and further improve its utility for students and instructors. The book presents an epic treatment of Latin American history, beginning from the first human presence up to 1825, when the majority of Iberian colonies in America broke free from colonialism to emerge as sovereign states.This edition of A History of Latin America to 1825 continues its emphasis on fundamental aspects of Latin American history – explorations, economy, administration, and politics – while addressing the region’s major social and cultural influences. Special emphasis is placed on illustrating the connections between changes in the colonies and the sweeping historic changes happening in the colonizing powers, Spain and Portugal. Adding depth and balance to the analysis are personal insights into colonial and pre-colonial Latin American society shared by the authors. Another highlight of this new edition is enhanced coverage of a variety of topics that have contributed to Latin America’s rich history, including the history of women, gender, Africans in the Iberian colonies, and pre-Columbian peoples.Sweeping in scope, and supplemented with over fifty illustrations, maps, and photographs, A History of Latin America to 1825, third edition, provides a vivid analytical narrative of the historic events and cultural influences that shaped early Latin America.

A History of Latin America to 1825 $49.95 The third edition of Peter Bakewell’s highly successful narrative history of Latin America features several enhancements and additions, along with the expertise of historian Jacqueline Holler, to reflect the latest scholarship and further improve its utility for students and instructors. The book presents an epic treatment of Latin American history, beginning from the first human presence up to 1825, when the majority of Iberian colonies in America broke free from colonialism to emerge as sovereign states.This edition of A History of Latin America to 1825 continues its emphasis on fundamental aspects of Latin American history – explorations, economy, administration, and politics – while addressing the region’s major social and cultural influences. Special emphasis is placed on illustrating the connections between changes in the colonies and the sweeping historic changes happening in the colonizing powers, Spain and Portugal. Adding depth and balance to the analysis are personal insights into colonial and pre-colonial Latin American society shared by the authors. Another highlight of this new edition is enhanced coverage of a variety of topics that have contributed to Latin America’s rich history, including the history of women, gender, Africans in the Iberian colonies, and pre-Columbian peoples.Sweeping in scope, and supplemented with over fifty illustrations, maps, and photographs, A History of Latin America to 1825, third edition, provides a vivid analytical narrative of the historic events and cultural influences that shaped early Latin America.

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A History of Mining in Latin America: From the Colonial Era to the Present $32.02 Used – For twenty-five years, Kendall Brown studied Potos, Spanish America’s greatest silver producer and perhaps the world’s most famous mining district. He read about the flood of silver that flowed from its Cerro Rico and learned of the toil of its miners. Potos symbolized fabulous wealth and unbelievable suffering. New World bullion stimulated the formation of the first world economy but at the same time it had profound consequences for labor, as mine operators and refiners resorted to extre

A History of Mining in Latin America: From the Colonial Era to the Present $41.94 Used – For twenty-five years, Kendall Brown studied Potos, Spanish America’s greatest silver producer and perhaps the world’s most famous mining district. He read about the flood of silver that flowed from its Cerro Rico and learned of the toil of its miners. Potos symbolized fabulous wealth and unbelievable suffering. New World bullion stimulated the formation of the first world economy but at the same time it had profound consequences for labor, as mine operators and refiners resorted to extre

A History of Mining in Latin America: From the Colonial Era to the Present $41.94 New – For twenty-five years, Kendall Brown studied Potos, Spanish America’s greatest silver producer and perhaps the world’s most famous mining district. He read about the flood of silver that flowed from its Cerro Rico and learned of the toil of its miners. Potos symbolized fabulous wealth and unbelievable suffering. New World bullion stimulated the formation of the first world economy but at the same time it had profound consequences for labor, as mine operators and refiners resorted to extrem

After the Washington Consensus: Restarting Growth and Reform in Latin America $30 This volume is a successor of sorts to the Institute’s 1986 volume Toward Renewed Economic Growth in Latin America, which blazed the trail for the market-oriented economic reforms that were adopted in Latin America in the subsequent years. It again presents the work of a group of leading Latin American economists* who were asked to think about the nature of the economic policy agenda that the region should be pursuing after a decade that was punctuated by crises, achieved disappointingly slow growth, and saw no improvement in the region’s highly skewed income distribution. The study diagnoses the first-generation (liberalizing and stabilizing) reforms that are still lacking, the complementary second-generation (institutional) reforms that are necessary to provide the institutional infrastructure of a market economy with an egalitarian bias, and the new initiatives that are needed to crisis-proof the economies of the region to end its perpetual series of crises.* Contributors: Daniel Artana, Nancy Birdsall, Roberto Bouzas, Saúl Keifman, Pedro-Pablo Kuczynski, Ricardo López Murphy, Claudio de Moura Castro, Fernando Navajas, Patricio Navia, Liliana Rojas-Suarez, Jaime Saavedra, Miguel Székely, Andrés Velasco, John Williamson, and Laurence Wolff.

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America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $130.7 New – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone, reveals the US role in the darkest periods of Latin American history, including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how George W Bush’s administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention; how it tried to destabilise leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. “America’s Backyard” also has chapters on drugs, economy

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $79.07 Used – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone reveals the U.S. role in the darkest periods of Latin American history including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how the U.S. administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention and how it tried to destabilize leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. America’s Backyard also has chapters on drugs, economy and

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $242.95 New – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone reveals the U.S. role in the darkest periods of Latin American history including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how the U.S. administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention and how it tried to destabilize leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. America’s Backyard also has chapters on drugs, economy and c

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $18.12 New – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone, reveals the US role in the darkest periods of Latin American history, including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how George W Bush’s administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention; how it tried to destabilise leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. “America’s Backyard” also has chapters on drugs, economy

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $158.15 New – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone reveals the U.S. role in the darkest periods of Latin American history including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how the U.S. administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention and how it tried to destabilize leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. America’s Backyard also has chapters on drugs, economy and c

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $19.77 Used – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone, reveals the US role in the darkest periods of Latin American history, including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how George W Bush’s administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention; how it tried to destabilise leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. “America’s Backyard” also has chapters on drugs, economy

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $201.95 New – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone, reveals the US role in the darkest periods of Latin American history, including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how George W Bush’s administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention; how it tried to destabilise leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. “America’s Backyard” also has chapters on drugs, economy

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $168.95 New – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone reveals the U.S. role in the darkest periods of Latin American history including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how the U.S. administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention and how it tried to destabilize leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. America’s Backyard also has chapters on drugs, economy and c

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $15.56 Used – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone, reveals the US role in the darkest periods of Latin American history, including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how George W Bush’s administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention; how it tried to destabilise leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. “America’s Backyard” also has chapters on drugs, economy

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $23.81 New – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone, reveals the US role in the darkest periods of Latin American history, including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how George W Bush’s administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention; how it tried to destabilise leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. “America’s Backyard” also has chapters on drugs, economy

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $32.95 Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone reveals the U.S. role in the darkest periods of Latin American history including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how the U.S. administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention and how it tried to destabilize leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. America’s Backyard also has chapters on drugs, economy and culture. It explains why U.S. drug policy has caused widespread environmental damage, yet failed to reduce the supply of cocaine and looks at the U.S. economic stake in Latin America and the strategies of the big corporations. Today Latin Americans are demanding respect and an end to the Washington Consensus. Will the White House listen?

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $201.95 Used – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone, reveals the US role in the darkest periods of Latin American history, including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how George W Bush’s administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention; how it tried to destabilise leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. “America’s Backyard” also has chapters on drugs, economy

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $116.77 Used – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone reveals the U.S. role in the darkest periods of Latin American history including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how the U.S. administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention and how it tried to destabilize leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. America’s Backyard also has chapters on drugs, economy and

America’s Backyard: The United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to the War on Terror $130.7 Used – Using newly-declassified documents, Grace Livingstone, reveals the US role in the darkest periods of Latin American history, including Pinochet’s coup in Chile, the Contra War in Nicaragua and the death squads in El Salvador. She shows how George W Bush’s administration used the War on Terror as a new pretext for intervention; how it tried to destabilise leftwing governments and push back the ‘pink tide’ washing across the Americas. “America’s Backyard” also has chapters on drugs, economy

America’s Trade Follies $175.64 New – America’s Trade Follies controversially argues that the global political economy is hardening into regional blocs, in North America, Latin America, Europe and the Asia Pacific, organized around a powerful economic base and suspicious of each other. Bernard K. Gordon’s masterful analysis shows that this division threatens American prosperity by limiting US access to the world’s richest and largest markets, and endangers US security by dividing the globe along economic and political lines. P

America’s Trade Follies $147.28 New – America’s Trade Follies controversially argues that the global political economy is hardening into regional blocs, in North America, Latin America, Europe and the Asia Pacific, organized around a powerful economic base and suspicious of each other. Bernard K. Gordon’s masterful analysis shows that this division threatens American prosperity by limiting US access to the world’s richest and largest markets, and endangers US security by dividing the globe along economic and political lines. P

America’s Trade Follies $226.95 New – America’s Trade Follies controversially argues that the global political economy is hardening into regional blocs, in North America, Latin America, Europe and the Asia Pacific, organized around a powerful economic base and suspicious of each other. Bernard K. Gordon’s masterful analysis shows that this division threatens American prosperity by limiting US access to the world’s richest and largest markets, and endangers US security by dividing the globe along economic and political lines. P

America’s Trade Follies $19.43 Used – America’s Trade Follies controversially argues that the global political economy is hardening into regional blocs, in North America, Latin America, Europe and the Asia Pacific, organized around a powerful economic base and suspicious of each other. Bernard K. Gordon’s masterful analysis shows that this division threatens American prosperity by limiting US access to the world’s richest and largest markets, and endangers US security by dividing the globe along economic and political lines.

America’s Trade Follies $270.95 New – America’s Trade Follies controversially argues that the global political economy is hardening into regional blocs, in North America, Latin America, Europe and the Asia Pacific, organized around a powerful economic base and suspicious of each other. Bernard K. Gordon’s masterful analysis shows that this division threatens American prosperity by limiting US access to the world’s richest and largest markets, and endangers US security by dividing the globe along economic and political lines. P

America’s Trade Follies $93.96 New – America’s Trade Follies controversially argues that the global political economy is hardening into regional blocs, in North America, Latin America, Europe and the Asia Pacific, organized around a powerful economic base and suspicious of each other. Bernard K. Gordon’s masterful analysis shows that this division threatens American prosperity by limiting US access to the world’s richest and largest markets, and endangers US security by dividing the globe along economic and political lines. P

America’s Trade Follies $24 Used – America’s Trade Follies controversially argues that the global political economy is hardening into regional blocs, in North America, Latin America, Europe and the Asia Pacific, organized around a powerful economic base and suspicious of each other. Bernard K. Gordon’s masterful analysis shows that this division threatens American prosperity by limiting US access to the world’s richest and largest markets, and endangers US security by dividing the globe along economic and political lines.

America’s Trade Follies $142.95 New – America’s Trade Follies controversially argues that the global political economy is hardening into regional blocs, in North America, Latin America, Europe and the Asia Pacific, organized around a powerful economic base and suspicious of each other. Bernard K. Gordon’s masterful analysis shows that this division threatens American prosperity by limiting US access to the world’s richest and largest markets, and endangers US security by dividing the globe along economic and political lines. P

An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Latin America: Volume 1: The Export Age: The Latin American Economies in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries $173.36 Used – This text explores the impact on Latin America of the extraordinary transformation of the international economy that took place in the half century or so that preceded the world depression of the 1930s. The author’s show how the response varied in terms of both growth and distribution, shaped by varying preconditions, and by natural resources and geography. The interplay of economic developments with political and social structures had profound and varied effects on policy making and on i

An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Latin America: Volume 1: The Export Age: The Latin American Economies in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries $112.24 Used – This text explores the impact on Latin America of the extraordinary transformation of the international economy that took place in the half century or so that preceded the world depression of the 1930s. The author’s show how the response varied in terms of both growth and distribution, shaped by varying preconditions, and by natural resources and geography. The interplay of economic developments with political and social structures had profound and varied effects on policy making and on i

Annual World Bank Conference on Development in Latin America and the Caribbean: 1999 Proceedings – Decentralization and Accountability of the Public Sector $30 As the world’s economy marches toward globalization, people are debating globalization’s effect on the poor in developing countries. Will the developing countries be left behind? How can they be helped? What does globalization have to offer them?Since most of the countries in the Latin America and Caribbean region are considered developing countries, the issue of these effects is especially pertinent and it formed the focus of the discussions at this conference. This publication presents some of the papers submitted at this annual conference, the fifth one focusing on developing economies in the region. The 1999 Proceedings talks about decentralization and the need to bring government closer to the people in a rapidly changing global economic environment. For developing countries to realize the power of globalization, they need to concentrate on the power of decentralization, that is, getting their citizens involved in their own development and defining their own future. The aim of these discussions and this publication is to impart the knowledge needed to turn globalization into an asset rather than a liability. To accomplish this goal, the publication focuses on three subject areas: a framework for fiscal federalism; sectoral issues; and local financing and management capacity.This publication will be of interest to academics, policymakers, and decentralization experts.

Between the Lines: Literary Transnationalism and African American Poetics $74 Between the Lines examines the role of three women poets of African descent—Frances Harper, Cristina Ayala, and Auta de Souza—in shaping the literary history of the Americas. Despite their different geographic locations, each shared common concerns and wrestled in their works with the sociopolitical predicaments of the late nineteenth century. Their verse vigorously examined slavery and confronted the existential struggle against boundaries imposed by race, nation, and gender. The writers each conceived of the poem as a dynamic forum where new concepts of individual and collective freedoms could be imagined. In their work readers encounter the poem as a site of cross-cultural exchange, a literary space in which the boundaries of nation can be redefined. Between the Lines places national poetics in a global economy of identities, histories and languages. It looks to poetry to demonstrate how people translate from one cultural or linguistic arena to another, how literary expression writes identities, and how language is used to conceptualize history. The book is the first to juxtapose Cuba, Brazil and the United States in a study of nineteenth-century women’s poetry, and the first to include the Lusophone literary tradition in a comparative study of African descendants in Latin America, the U.S., and the Caribbean. With close readings and expertly rendered translations, Monique-Adelle Callahan situates the work of these three poets in a hemispheric context that opens up their writing to new interpretations and expands the definition of "African American" literature.

Beyond Market-Driven Development $155 Because their economies were regulated, their financial systems ‘repressed’ and their states interventionist, for many years the countries of East Asia challenged the Washington consensus, offering an alternative development paradigm. However, in the 1990’s, Asian capitalism was disrupted following Japan’s stagnation and the financial crisis of 1997-98.Treading the unexplored theoretical terrain created by the simultaneous decline of the Washington Consensus and Asian developmentalism, this revealing book analyzes the comparative political economy of East Asia and Latin America. Divided into four key sections, it covers:Theoretical FrameworkResults of GlobalizationConverging and Diverging of Paths of Economic DevelopmentFinance and Regionalism.Through the juxtaposition of countries in East Asia and Latin America, leading academics analyze the impact of government intervention, institutional malfunction, social transformation and financial change as well as conflict and power on economic development. This book will prove to be invaluable to students and academics of development economics.

Beyond the City: The Rural Contribution to Development $28 In Latin American and Caribbean history, rural societies have been at the center of both the origins of prosperity and of social upheaval. Rural communities have access to a wealth of natural resources, including arable land and forests, yet they face the highest poverty rates within countries. Characterized by low population densities and located far from the major urban centers, rural communities must overcome severe restrictions in their access to public services and private markets, even in some countries where public expenditures per inhabitant are higher in rural than in urban communities.’Beyond the City’ evaluates the contribution of rural development and policies to growth, poverty alleviation, and environmental degradation in the rest of the economy, as well as in the rural space. This title brings together new theoretical and empirical treatments of the links between rural and national development. New findings and are combined with existing literature to enhance our understanding of the how rural economic activities contribute to various aspects of national development. The study is based on original research funded by the World Bank’s Office of the Chief Economist for Latin America and the Caribbean. Of particular relevance is the interaction between agricultural and territorial development issues. The empirical findings also make substantial contributions to the debate over the appropriate design of public policies aiming to enhance the rural contribution to national development, including economic growth, poverty reduction, environmental sustainability, and macroeconomic stability.

Bigger Economies, Smaller Governments: The Role of Privatization in Latin America $28.38 Used – Privatization of large national enterprises has been the most far-reaching of Latin America’s dramatic structural reforms, the objective being to underpin fiscal stability by shedding huge capital requirements. But long-term gains to the economy also depend on factors such as increased efficiency through better communications and infrastructure, and on a more dynamic private sector. Have these gains been achieved? In this volume, leading economists of Chile, Mexico and Argentina assess th

Bigger Economies, Smaller Governments: The Role of Privatization in Latin America $0.99 Used – Privatization of large national enterprises has been the most far-reaching of Latin America’s dramatic structural reforms, the objective being to underpin fiscal stability by shedding huge capital requirements. But long-term gains to the economy also depend on factors such as increased efficiency through better communications and infrastructure, and on a more dynamic private sector. Have these gains been achieved? In this volume, leading economists of Chile, Mexico and Argentina assess th

Biofuel in Brazil: Ethanol Fuel in Brazil $11.2 Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher’s book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: Ethanol Fuel in Brazil, History of Ethanol Fuel in Brazil. Excerpt: Six typical Brazilian flex-fuel models from several car makers, popularly called “flex” cars, that run on any blend of hydrous ethanol (E100) and gasoline (E20 to E25). Brazil is the world’s second largest producer of ethanol fuel and the world’s largest exporter. Together, Brazil and the United States lead the industrial production of ethanol fuel, accounting together for 89 % of the world’s production in 2009. In 2009 Brazil produced 24.9 billion litres (6.57 billion U.S. liquid gallons ), representing 37.7 % of the world’s total ethanol used as fuel. Brazil is considered to have the world’s first sustainable biofuels economy and the biofuel industry leader, a policy model for other countries; and its sugarcane ethanol ” the most successful alternative fuel to date. ” However, some authors consider that the successful Brazilian ethanol model is sustainable only in Brazil due to its advanced agri-industrial technology and its enormous amount of arable land available; while for other authors it is a solution only for some countries in the tropical zone of Latin America , the Caribbean , and Africa . Brazil has ethanol fuel available throughout the country. Shown here a typical Petrobras gas station at São Paulo with dual fuel service, marked A for alcohol (ethanol) and G for gasoline. Brazil s 30-year-old ethanol fuel program is based on the most efficient agricultural technology for sugarcane cultivation in the world, uses modern equipment and cheap sugar cane as feedstock, the residual cane-waste (bagasse ) is used to process heat and power, which results in a very competitive price and also in a high energy balance (output energy/input energy), which varies from 8.3 for average conditions to

Brazil $5.41 Used – Brazil is the fifth-largest nation in the world. The largest country in Latin America, it covers almost half of South America. Discovered by Portuguese settlers in the early 16th century, Brazil today boasts a culture that blends native, Portuguese, African, Japanese, and other influences. During the past 40 years, there have been many changes in Brazil’s society and economy. Schools and hospitals have become more available, highways have been built and industries developed, and modern co

Brazil $4.58 Used – Brazil is the fifth-largest nation in the world. The largest country in Latin America, it covers almost half of South America. Discovered by Portuguese settlers in the early 16th century, Brazil today boasts a culture that blends native, Portuguese, African, Japanese, and other influences. During the past 40 years, there have been many changes in Brazil’s society and economy. Schools and hospitals have become more available, highways have been built and industries developed, and modern co

Brazil As An Economic Superpower? $21.06 In Brazil, the confluence of strong global demand for the country’s major products, global successes for its major corporations, and steady results from its economic policies is building confidence and even reviving dreams of grandeza —the greatness that has proven elusive in the past. Even as the current economic crisis tempers expectations of the future, the trends identified in this book suggest that Brazil will continue its path toward becoming a leading economic power in the future. Once seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, and even high technology. Yet Latin America’s largest nation still struggles with endemic inequality issues and deep-seated ambivalence toward global economic integration.Scholars and policy practitioners from Brazil, the United States, and Europe recently gathered to investigate the present state and likely future of the Brazilian economy. This important volume is the timely result. In Brazil as an Economic Superpower? international authorities focus on five key topics: agribusiness, energy, trade, social investment, and multinational corporations. Their analyses and expertise provide not only a unique and authoritative picture of the Brazilian economy but also a useful lens through which to view the changing global economy as a whole.

Brazil as an Economic Superpower?: Understanding Brazil’s Changing Role in the Global Economy $18.33 Used – Brazil is once again getting attention in the northern hemisphere – attention long overdue, given its huge and diverse population, its physical size and diversity, and its geopolitical and economic importance as the largest country in Latin America. Long seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, even high technology markets. Yet the nation still struggles with endemic problems of inequality and with a traditional ambivalence

Brazil as an Economic Superpower?: Understanding Brazil’s Changing Role in the Global Economy $55.33 New – Brazil is once again getting attention in the northern hemisphere – attention long overdue, given its huge and diverse population, its physical size and diversity, and its geopolitical and economic importance as the largest country in Latin America. Long seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, even high technology markets. Yet the nation still struggles with endemic problems of inequality and with a traditional ambivalence t

Brazil as an Economic Superpower?: Understanding Brazil’s Changing Role in the Global Economy $52.95 In Brazil, the confluence of strong global demand for the country’s major products, global successes for its major corporations, and steady results from its economic policies is building confidence and even reviving dreams of grandeza —the greatness that has proven elusive in the past. Even as the current economic crisis tempers expectations of the future, the trends identified in this book suggest that Brazil will continue its path toward becoming a leading economic power in the future. Once seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, and even high technology. Yet Latin America’s largest nation still struggles with endemic inequality issues and deep-seated ambivalence toward global economic integration.Scholars and policy practitioners from Brazil, the United States, and Europe recently gathered to investigate the present state and likely future of the Brazilian economy. This important volume is the timely result. In Brazil as an Economic Superpower? international authorities focus on five key topics: agribusiness, energy, trade, social investment, and multinational corporations. Their analyses and expertise provide not only a unique and authoritative picture of the Brazilian economy but also a useful lens through which to view the changing global economy as a whole.

Brazil as an Economic Superpower?: Understanding Brazil’s Changing Role in the Global Economy $39.24 New – Brazil is once again getting attention in the northern hemisphere – attention long overdue, given its huge and diverse population, its physical size and diversity, and its geopolitical and economic importance as the largest country in Latin America. Long seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, even high technology markets. Yet the nation still struggles with endemic problems of inequality and with a traditional ambivalence t

Brazil as an Economic Superpower?: Understanding Brazil’s Changing Role in the Global Economy $15.87 Used – Brazil is once again getting attention in the northern hemisphere – attention long overdue, given its huge and diverse population, its physical size and diversity, and its geopolitical and economic importance as the largest country in Latin America. Long seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, even high technology markets. Yet the nation still struggles with endemic problems of inequality and with a traditional ambivalence

Brazil as an Economic Superpower?: Understanding Brazil’s Changing Role in the Global Economy $20.38 New – Brazil is once again getting attention in the northern hemisphere – attention long overdue, given its huge and diverse population, its physical size and diversity, and its geopolitical and economic importance as the largest country in Latin America. Long seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, even high technology markets. Yet the nation still struggles with endemic problems of inequality and with a traditional ambivalence t

Brazil as an Economic Superpower?: Understanding Brazil’s Changing Role in the Global Economy $25.26 New – Brazil is once again getting attention in the northern hemisphere – attention long overdue, given its huge and diverse population, its physical size and diversity, and its geopolitical and economic importance as the largest country in Latin America. Long seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, even high technology markets. Yet the nation still struggles with endemic problems of inequality and with a traditional ambivalence t

Brazil, a New Regional Power in the World-Economy $6.24 Used – In this major new textbook, the authors explore the process of Brazil’s entry into the capitalist world economy from Brazil’s origins as a Portuguese power to the country’s attainment of its current status as a regional power in Latin America and the eighth largest world economy. They demonstrate the effects of both the world capitalist system and local factors on Brazil’s socio-spatial formation. They also assess how Brazil’s challenges, as a semi-peripheral country and a regional power,